The studies of criminology aim to train professionals specialized in issues related to crime and public safety, either in the prevention or in the prosecution of criminals.
People interested in this profession are those who have an affinity with private security, study of crimes, prosecution of criminals and antisocial behavior of criminals, following psychological, sociological or biological criteria.
For their professional practice, they must have knowledge in law, especially in the areas of criminal law, criminal procedure and penitentiary law.
It is important not to confuse criminology with criminalistics, since the latter mentioned is the science that studies crime from the practical point of view, analyzing the physical evidence of the crime to determine the relationship with the circumstances in which it occurred.
What does it consist of?
Criminology is known as the social science that studies the causes of crime, the personality of the offender and the ideal treatment for its repression. Its object of study is crime in all its manifestations, the causes, the victim, the perpetrator, social control of criminal behavior, the variables of crime, victim intervention techniques, etc.
These professionals are those who identify, prevent and intervene in problems of crime, delinquents and deviant behavior, one of their main functions being to offer an explanation of crimes in order to prevent them, and to do so they do the following:
- They analyze crimes in a theoretical way, with a multidisciplinary approach (anthropological, sociological or psychological)
- They put forward theories that help to clarify the facts
- Study the behavior of the criminal and the factors that influence it
- Advise in the elaboration of strategies to prevent crime
- They design projects and reports related to crime
Functions to develop
Professionals in criminology are able to perform an analysis in a global and effective way with respect to crime, to thus give a complete vision of criminality, the causes and the effects of this way, attending in a satisfactory way to the victims.
Some of the functions to be developed when obtaining this profession are:
- To know the techniques and tools that assess and predict criminality
- To know the tools necessary to correctly manage the prosecution and prevention of crimes
- To master the use of ICT for problem solving and information search in the field of security and criminology
- Designing empirical research projects
- Transmit criminological information to specialized and non-specialized audiences
- To understand the needs of the victim individually or collectively, especially victimized groups
Training required
Regarding the necessary training, there are degrees in criminology taught at various universities, and even double degrees, one of the most demanded being the double degree in law and criminology.
In addition, there is the possibility of studying a master’s degree in criminology research and forensic science, crime and victimology, or a master’s degree in applied criminology and police investigation. Those who prefer may also opt for a university certificate in criminology and criminal investigation.
As you can see there are multiple options to perform in this area of work and regardless of which one you choose, the study is technically oriented to the same, only that they focus on certain terms in more depth.
Employment options
There are several career opportunities for the study of criminology within the police, judicial, criminal and more, such as:
- Monitoring detainees
- To be an expert in criminology for judicial processes
- Working in private security
- To be a specialist in calligraphy, forgery and fire
- Manage company addresses
- Coach and teach security personnel
- Working as a university lecturer
- Working as a private detective or private investigator
- Working in city councils or media, politicians to advise them
- Working in event communication programs
- Being mediated
Recommendations
All people who wish to be criminologists must have certain characteristics, so the recommendation is to have vocation, desire and attitude, they must continue training even after finishing the university cycle, have a good attitude within the work, have basic knowledge in law, computer science, psychology, anthropology and medicine.
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